Psy 1101: Test 2 Sample Items
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1. |
Which of
the following photoreceptors is largely responsible for color vision? |
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A) |
chromes |
C) |
cones |
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B) |
axles |
D) |
rods
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2. |
Part of
how you judge depth perception has to do with the fact that each eye presents
a slightly different picture of the world.
This is especially true when objects are very close to you. This visual cue of depth perception is
better known as: |
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A) |
assimilation |
C) |
accommodation |
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B) |
retinal disparity |
D) |
overlap
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3. |
The
images that appear on your retina are upside down. |
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A) |
True |
B) |
False |
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4. |
The first step in a behavior modification
program is to: |
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A) |
gather baseline data |
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B) |
specify the antecedents |
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C) |
specify the target behavior |
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D) |
design a program |
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5. |
After
watching his father wash the car, 5-year-old Bob washes his bike. This is an example of: |
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A) |
superstitious behavior |
C) |
observational learning |
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B) |
classical conditioning |
D) |
positive reinforcement
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6. |
According to Bandura, which of the following
is necessary for observational learning to be translated into behavior? |
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A) |
pay attention to model's actions |
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B) |
remember model's actions |
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C) |
ability to produce actions |
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D) |
all of the above |
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7. |
Classical conditioning is a type of learning
in which: |
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A) |
voluntary responses come to be controlled by their consequences |
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B) |
an organism's responding is influenced by the observation of
others' behavior |
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C) |
an organism engages in a response that brings aversive
stimulation to an end |
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D) |
a neutral stimulus acquires
the ability to elicit a response originally elicited by another stimulus |
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8. |
An unconditioned response is one that will
occur: |
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A) |
without a stimulus |
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B) |
only after the presentation of the conditioned stimulus |
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C) |
without previous
conditioning |
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D) |
only after a number of conditioning trials |
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9. |
After
repeated pairings of a bell with meat powder, Pavlov found that a dog will salivate
when the bell is rung. SALIVATION to the bell is a(n): |
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A) |
unconditioned stimulus |
C) |
conditioned stimulus |
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B) |
unconditioned response |
D) |
conditioned response
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10. |
The reappearance
of a conditioned response after extinction and a period of rest is called: |
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A) |
spontaneous recovery |
C) |
reconditioning |
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B) |
stimulus generalization |
D) |
disinhibition
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11. |
Stimulus generalization occurs when: |
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A) |
there is a temporal association between two stimuli |
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B) |
an organism fails to respond to stimuli similar to the original
stimulus used in conditioning |
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C) |
an unconditioned stimulus fails to elicit the unconditioned response |
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D) |
an organism responds to
new stimuli that are similar to the original conditioned stimulus |
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12. |
In
classical conditioning, a subject can learn to respond to one CS but not to
another similar CS. This is the phenomenon of: |
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A) |
stimulus generalization |
C) |
stimulus discrimination |
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B) |
conditioned forgetting |
D) |
extinction
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13. |
The
process of selectively reinforcing responses that are closer and closer approximations
of some desired response is called: |
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A) |
stimulus discrimination |
C) |
selection |
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B) |
step-wise conditioning |
D) |
shaping
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14. |
Positive
reinforcement ______ the rate of responding; negative reinforcement ______
the rate of responding. |
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A) |
increases; decreases |
C) |
increases; increases |
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B) |
decreases; increases |
D) |
decreases; decreases
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15. |
Operant conditioning is a type of learning in
which: |
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A) |
voluntary responses come
to be controlled by their consequences |
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B) |
an organism's responding is influenced by the observation of
others' behavior |
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C) |
an organism engages in a response that brings aversive
stimulation to an end |
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D) |
a neutral stimulus acquires the ability to elicit a response
originally elicited by another stimulus |
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16. |
Relative
to extinction following continuous reinforcement, extinction proceeds
__________ following intermittent reinforcement. |
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A) |
more slowly |
C) |
at the same rate |
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B) |
more rapidly |
D) |
any of these
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17. |
The
steady, rapid responding of a person playing a slot machine is an example of
the pattern of responding typically generated on a __________ schedule. |
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A) |
fixed-ratio |
C) |
fixed-interval |
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B) |
variable-ratio |
D) |
variable-interval
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